For two dimensional motion, we did a lot of video analysis using LoggerPro. I am putting some videos here, but honestly it is easy to have the kids make their own videos on their phones and then they can analyze their own data. With projectile motion, we also Pasco's mini-launchers, which were quite nice.

Old Guy Reminiscing: 30 years ago I was excited to use a VHS machine, play back a video on the TV, put a clear overhead sheet on the TV and literally just trace over an object one frame at a time with a pen.

AP Physics (calculus)

This is a big unit, so I liked to break it up. The first half was a few days each of vectors, circular motion and then relative motion. The second half was focused on projectile motion. The biggest challenge for the kids is getting used to dealing with vectors.

There are some notes that were written up, so I am including those as well. As always, there are lot of problems and labs as well.

Objectives
Objectives, reading, homework and equations for the unit.
Notes - Vectors
Some basic notes on vectors. Probably too brief to be helpful learning it, but may be helpful for reviewing.
Generic Vector Problems
Just practice with the basic vector manipulation things: addition, subtraction, magnitude, direction and components. Really just a bunch of math problems.
Lab 3-0 (Velocity Vectors)
Video analysis of a toy car moving in a straight line, but in a few diffeerent orientations. Goal is to relate components to the magnitudes, since the car always has the same speed.
Pythagorean Theorem
Proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem, Law of Cosines and Law of Sines. I usually just post a printed version on a wall in the classroom.
Vector Problems
Basic motion problems involving vectors. No circular or projectile in this. This is mostly to get the hang of the notation.
Centripetal Acceleration
Geometric derivation of centripetal acceleration equation. It also includes a calculus derivation as well, but the kids often don't know the derivatives of trig functions yet.
Centripetal Acceleration Problems 1
Some simpler centripetal acceleration problems. Also has some rpm-m/s conversions.
Lab 3-1 (Centripetal)
Analyze the motion of an object moving in a circle with a constant speed using video analysis. This is usually our first video analysis lab, so it includes the steps for that in the directions.
Centripetal Acceleration Problems 2
More involved problems dealing with centripetal acceleration.
Lab 3-2 (Relative Motion)
This is a qualitative lab to help the students visualize relative motion. Our old schedule had more time, and then I would have each class make their own videos, but now I just hand out some old videos to use.
Relative Motion Sample Problem
For some reason I did a Powerpoint showing multiple ways to do a harder 2D relative motion problem.
Relative Motion Problems
Problems involving relative motion.

This is a big unit, so we usually did a test at this point, before we got into projectile motion.

Test 2 v1
Test 2 v2
Test 2 v3

Here is the projectile motion part of the unit.

Lab 3-3 (Projectile Motion)
Video analysis of a tossed ball.
Projectile Motion Problems
Several problems involving projectile motion.
Projectile Concepts
Practice using the equations conceptually (i.e. what happens if you double something?) It uses a nice simulation at https://ophysics.com/k8.html, which is from another retired physics teacher.
Lab 3-4 (Range)
Experimentally and theoretically determine the maxmimum range for a projectile fired across level ground.
Range Equation
Derivation of the range equation and also finding the angle for the maximum range and the relationship between 2 angles that have the same range.
Projectile Paths
A conceptual sheet based on the paths of a variety of projectiles.
Lab 3-5 (Hit the Bull's Eye)
Challenge lab. Predict where a projectile will land - and then see if you are right. The key is the target I used.
Projectile Hill
Finding the angle that will give the maximum range for a projectile fired on a slope. This is just notes. I usually did this in class, and wanted the kids to focus on the ideas, so wrote it up.
Projectile Cliff
Finding the angle that will give the maximum range for a projectile fired off a cliff. This is just notes. I usually did not do this out in class, but would mention it and post it on the wall for those who wanted a harder problem.

Here are the practice tests for projectile motion.

Test 3 v1
Test 3 v2
Test 3 v3

Physics (algebra)

We first did a little unit on vectors. Years ago we didn't use trig at all in this class, but eventually we added basic right triangle trig, but only for the students to be able to find the components of a vector given the magnitude and direction.

Vector Introduction
This is an introduction to vectors. It has some notes, but mostly guides students through the Vector Addition simulation so they can figure out the basic rules involved with vectors and their components and addition.
Vector Word Problems 1
These are word problems dealing with constant velocities at an angle. It combines the classic "v=d/t" relationship with position and velocity vectors and their components.
Vector Word Problems 2
These problems deal with velocity addition as in trying to cross a river or a plane flying in the air.
Vector Review
As the name implies, the review sheet before the assessment.

Right after the assessment on vectors, we went into projectile motion. At this level, we typically only dealt with projectiles with an initial vertical velocity of 0 (which we called "cliff problems") and then projectiles fired across level ground. We did not deal with projectiles that landed higher or lower than their original position.

1D Motion Problems Review
Just some practice problems to review the kinematics equations before we start projectiles.
Lab 3-4 (Time in Air)
This was an open-ended lab that we used as in introduction to projectile motion. I had made a video (not very well, but it works) showing a few different balls being rolled across a horizontal track with different speed and then going off the edge and falling to the ground.
Lab 3-5 (Projectile Off Table)
A quantitative lab analyzing a ball rolling along a horizontal track and then falling off the edge.
Cliff Problems
Initial projectile questions in which the initial vertical velocity is always zero.
More Cliff Problems
Just some more cliff problems, in case the name confused you.
Lab 3-6 (Projectile Motion)
Video analysis of a ball tossed up and at an angle.
Projectile Concept Sheet 20.pdf
This is a combination of conceptual thinking and calculation - hopefully it helps the students see some of the patterns in probjectile motion.
Notes - Projectile Motion
The key ideas and equations for doing these projectile motion problems.
Projectile Problems
These problems all involve going up and down - but the initial and final projectile heights are always the saem.
Lab 3-7 (Range - phet)
Some questions using the Phet simulation Projectile Motion.
Projectile Problems 2
Some harder problems.
Projectile Review Sheet
The review sheet and answer key.

In this level of physics, we did circular motion at the end of mechanics, just before universal gravitation. I am putting the files here becasue they fit better. The later handouts do involve Newton's Laws though.

Period & Frequency Notes
One of my few Powerpoint slides that I used in class.
Period & Frequency
Hopefully straight forward problems looking at period and frequency and also unit conversions.
Linear Speed
Problems looking at speed, distance and time when going around in a circle. Really just applications of "v=d/t".
Centripetal Acceleration Notes
Some quick conceptual questions and then initial problems with centripetal acceleration.
Centripetal Acceleration
Harder problems with centripetal acceleration. Also includes some unit conversion.
Notes on Centripetal Acceleration & Force
Very brief notes.
Centripetal Force
Circular motion problems, but finally including forces.
Vertical Circles
Guided questions looking at the forces involved for objects moving in a vertical circle - including the conditions for maximum or minimum speeds. There is no separate answer key, but the answers are at the end of the sheet.
Lab 9-2 Hot Wheels
In this class, we had already done energy, so this lab analyzes a loop the loop with Hot Wheels.
Circular Motion Review
Review sheet before the assessment.

page last updated 10/5/23 by david mcclung, copyright 2023, all rights reserved.